Spodoptera exigua has no known positive economic importance to humans economic importance for humans. Oct 11, 2019 spodoptera litura damages broad leaf plants such as legumes, brassicas, and other economically important crops throughout the year park et al. Host plant survey for two years from three different locations in cotton. Noctuidae, is a pest recently invading maize in india. Pdf biology of spodoptera litura was studied on sweet pepper and tomato. Melaka international conference on social sciences, science and technology mic3st 2019. Spodoptera litura can be identified by the shape of the structures on the inner surface of the valve. Effects of entomopathogenic fungi on the biology of. It is a native of asia and was first detected in hawaii. Spodoptera litura is also known as the oriental leafworm moth, cluster caterpillar, cotton leafworm, tobacco cutworm, tropical armyworm, taro caterpillar, tobacco budworm, rice cutworm, and cotton cutworm. The most important character to notice is a set of two windows separated by a right angle.
Yoshiaki noma, yoshinori asakawa, in comprehensive natural products ii, 2010. Damage on maize prefers young maize plants its attacks all stages of maize plant, foliar consumption is the major factor generally feeds on foliage, but during heavy infestations, also feed on maize ears. Population and damage projection of spodoptera litura f. In this study, we determined faw distribution, genetic diversity. Effects of three spodoptera litura control strategies on.
It is a highly polyphagous organism that is a pest of many cultivated plants and crops. Hatched larvae of first to second instar aggregate at the back of the leave and feed on the mesophyll, leaving the outline of the leave. View enhanced pdf access article on wiley online library html view download pdf for offline viewing. Keywordsbioassay, agrochemicals, fabricius,growth and development polyphagous pest, spodoptera litura introduction s. Use of insecticides for controlling this pest is on the rise and it. Responses of the cutworm spodoptera litura lepidoptera. This document is eeny105, one of a series of the entomology and nematology department, ufifas extension. Effect of three spodoptera litura control strategies, viz. Jtm 025 has more potential as biopesticide to control s. The armyworm is a wellknown pest of vegetables, flowers, and other commercial crops such as cotton and tobacco. Spodoptera litura fabricius is a major vegetable pest that is widely distributed throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. Reduviidae were determined under laboratory conditions. Noctuidae distribution description and life cycle host plants damage natural enemies management selected references distribution back to top. Noctuidae and some native spodoptera moths introduction the purpose of this handout is to help you distinguish two exotic spodoptera moths of concern to u.
Communitybased fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda. Histological study of slnpv infection on body weight and. The following key is designed to help separate middle to late instar s. The forewings need to be examined carefully because of their color variation and similarity to other nonindigenous as well as native species. Promod kumar shakya, masarrat haseeb and uzma manzoor department of plant protection, faculty of agricultural sciences, aligarh muslim university, aligarh, uttar pradesh, india email. Pdf population and damage projection of spodoptera. Noctuidae, commonly known as the egyptian cotton leafworm, is one of the major economic pests of cotton in egypt hosny, 1980. Effects of three spodoptera litura control strategies on arthropod diversity and abundance in tobacco agroecosystems in south china zhongshi zhou, 1, 2, zepeng chen 3 and zaifu xu 1, 1department of entomology, college of nature resources and environment, south china agricultural university, guangzhou, 510642, china.
Spodoptera litura, otherwise known as the tobacco cutworm or cotton leafworm, is a nocturnal moth in the family noctuidae. Larvae cause significant damage to both the foliage and developing fruits of field grown tomatoes muthukumaran and selvanarayanan, 2008. Due to its larvae consuming a wide range of vegetation, s. Higher temperature was found to favour the multiplication of the. Susceptible crops include asparagus, cabbage, pepper, tomato, lettuce, celery, strawberry, eggplant, sugar beet, alfalfa, and cotton. Its common names reference two of the most frequent host plants of the moth. Maize farmers in subsaharan africa recently experienced unusual damage in their farms, attributed to the fall armyworm faw spodoptera frugiperda j. The young larvae first to third instar feed in groups, leaving the opposite epidermis of the leaf intact. Eeny105 beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua hubner insecta. On most crops, damage arises from extensive feeding by larvae, leading to complete. The damage of histological structure caused by slnpv 0. Biology and efficacy of insecticides against tobacco. Communitybased fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda monitoring, early warning and management, training of trainers manual, first edition. The method was used probit analysis, and based on ld 50 the virus was infected to know body weight and post infection damage.
It causes heavy damage to cotton and lowers production. Predatory insects 36 belonging to 14 families and 12. Spodoptera eridania cramer, but southern armyworm can be distinguished by the presence of a large dark spot laterally on the first abdominal segment that disrupts the lateral stripe. Spodoptera litura is an indoaustralian tropic polyphagous pest that is widely responsible for causing damage to cotton, groundnut, chili. To assess the potential use of this parasitoid as a biological control agent, the reproductive schedule, fecundity and functional response of m. It is a serious pest of various economically important crops such as cotton, tomato, groundnut, chilli, tobacco, caster, okra and pulses etc. In total, 5 species of larval parasitoids, 3 predators, and 1 entomopathogen were found attacking larvae of s. Spodoptera litura an overview sciencedirect topics.
Effect of sowing dates on the tobacco caterpillar spodoptera. Although control with insecticides is possible, there have been. In malaysia and control tactics august 2019 conference. The potential of various isolates of spodoptera litura. Genus spodoptera 1spodg species spodoptera litura prodli contact eppo. In addition to the damage caused by this native lepidopteran species on maize, farmers in subsaharan africa recently experienced unusual damages in their farms caused by spodoptera frugiperda j. Top of page on most crops, damage arises from extensive feeding by larvae. It is established in tropical and subtropical regions where there are. Noctuidae, commonly known as the egyptian cotton leafworm, is one of. The common cutworm, spodoptera litura fabricus, is the most serious pest of peanuts in taiwan. Entomopathogenic nematodes epn have the potential to control the s. Whether these effects have any relation with the modes of application, specifically during ecdysis process, has been the objective of the present study and accordingly the impairment, if any, among cuticular proteins of spodoptera litura fab. This identification is this identification is supported by 98 to 100% similarity in sequence data and coverage s1 table.
Spodoptera littoralis, also referred to as the african cotton leafworm or egyptian cotton leafworm or mediterranean brocade, is a species of moth in the family noctuidae. Apr 29, 2019 in addition to the damage caused by this native lepidopteran species on maize, farmers in subsaharan africa recently experienced unusual damages in their farms caused by spodoptera frugiperda j. Temperature impacts the development and survival of common. A bright yellow stripe along the dorsal side of the larvae is characteristic of s. However, due to the variability in markings, the only certain way of distinguishing between the two species is by comparing the genitalia. Mortality, nuclear polyhedrosis virus, spodoptera litura introduction armyworm of spodoptera litura fabricius is a terrifying pest of soybean in indonesia. Effect of date of sowing on the groundnut leaf damage % by tobacco caterpillar spodoptera litura fab. Your use of this pdf, the bioone complete website, and all posted and. Noctuidae, is a destructive insect pest, damaging economically important crops like tobacco nicotiana tabacum l. Damage on maize prefers young maize plants its attacks all stages of maize plant, foliar consumption is the major factor generally feeds on foliage, but during heavy infestations, also feed on maize ears foliar damage characterized by ragged feeding, and moist sawdust like frass near the whorl and upper leaves of the plant.
The effect of slnpv infection on body weight and peritrophic membrane damage of spodoptera litura fab. The method was used probit analysis, and based on the method was used probit analysis, and based on ld 50 the virus was infected to know body weight and post infection damage. Microplitis prodeniae rao and chandry is a solitary endoparasitoid of s. However, it is the wormlike young larvae that cause the damage. We tested the idea that dss could cause tissue damage and stem cell proliferation in spodoptera litura larvae midgut. Michigan state universitys invasive species factsheets. Conclusion the study on biology of spodoptera litura on castor leaves provides information on different life. Early and seedless kinnow were more susceptible to damage than grapefruit. Cotton cutworm, spodoptera litura pest tracker caps.
Tissue damage induced midgut stem cell proliferation and. Spodoptera litura is a notorious leaf feeding insect pest of more than one hundred plants around the asiapacific region. Pest importance spodoptera litura is an extremely serious pest, the larvae of which can defoliate many economically important crops. The southern armyworm, spodoptera eridania stoll, is native to the american tropics, occurring widely in central and south america and. It is the larval feeding damage that is most likely to be detected in the field first. As seen in sesquiterpenoids, these organisms introduce oxygen atom at their allylic. This moth is found in asia, with some specific problematic pest population reports occurring in cambodia, hong kong, india, the pacific. Fifteen epn isolates were screened, and steinernema sp.
Pm 7124 1 spodoptera littoralis, spodoptera litura. Noctuidae and its natural enemy rhynocoris marginatus fab. Pdf biology and damage potential of spodoptera litura fabricius. Spodoptera exigua is considered one of the worst agricultural pests worldwide. Species 71 of insect parasitoids in seven families of hymenoptera and two families of diptera were listed as parasitoids of different stages of s. Spodoptera litura prodlioverview eppo global database. A minimum economic damage threshold of 10 000 egg massesha was found to be a practical level for most years in fayoum, egypt. Published information was used to compile a summary of natural enemies parasitoids, predators and diseases reported attacking spodoptera litura f under field conditions.
Spodoptera litura is an important polyphagous pest in india, china and japan. The adult is a dark brown moth with white lines on its wings. Keywordsbioassay, agrochemicals, fabricius,growth and development polyphagous pest,spodoptera litura introduction s. Spodoptera littoralis is often confused with spodoptera litura due to similar larvae and adult physical appearances. Biotransformation of acyclic, monocyclic, and bicyclic monoterpenoids by various bacteria, fungi, insect larvae, such as spodoptera litura, and mammals, such as rabbits and possums, and human and rat cytochrome enzyme is summarized. This moth is found in asia, with some specific problematic pest population reports occurring in cambodia, hong kong, india, the pacific islands, guam, american. Sep 30, 2019 fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda j. Herbivore and elicitor induced resistance in groundnut. It is established in tropical and subtropical regions where there are no, or few, frost days each year. This pest was first recorded in africa in 2016, but detailed information on its distribution and damage and farmers response in invaded areas are largely lacking. Efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes against the tobacco. Two windows, one triangular 1a and one rectangular 1b. Spodoptera exigua is a highly dispersive, polyphagous species that is a serious pest of vegetable, field and flower crops.
Cotton cutworm spodoptera litura cotton cutworm spodoptera litura is an insect pest of many important food plants. Pull some whorls and unroll the leaves to make larval counts. Economic damage thresholds of spodoptera littoralis boisd. In this study, the effects of both epf species on various life stages of spodoptera litura f. Spodoptera litura below are some characters that are useful to distinguish spodoptera litura from other spodoptera species. Pest categorisation of spodoptera litura 2019 efsa. Dosedependent killing of spodoptera litura larvae by dss. Studies were conducted in southern india from jun to aug 2018 to identify and assess the abundance of natural enemies attacking s. Proceedings of the first national symposium on pest management in horticultural crops. Nov 22, 2019 beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua hubner, 1808 lepidoptera, noctuidae, and flight dynamics data in the sombor region. Spodoptera littoralis and spodoptera litura 3 extra instar, and maturation may take up to 3 months. When the diet contained 5% of dss average mw 40 kda, approximately 40% of the flies died within 8 days fig. Later, the 4th to 6th instar larvae disperse and spend the day in the ground under the host plant, feeding at night and early in the. If whorl damage exists, scout 20 consecutive plants at 5 places in the field1.
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